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Bravo Media, LLC, more commonly known as Bravo, is an American basic cable and satellite television network and flagship channel, launched on December 1, 1980. It is owned by NBCUniversal and headquartered in the Comcast Building in New York City. The channel originally focused on programming related to fine arts and film; it currently broadcasts several reality television series targeted at females ages 25 through 54, acquired dramas, and mainstream theatrically-released feature films. As of February 2015, approximately 92,295,000 American households (79.3% of households with television) receive Bravo. ==History== Bravo originally launched as a commercial-free premium channel on December 1, 1980. It was originally co-owned by Cablevision's Rainbow Media division and Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment; the channel claimed to be "the first television service dedicated to film and the performing arts".〔(TimeWarner Media Sales: Bravo - CableMediaSales.com ) Retrieved September 1, 2008.〕〔"A Tale of Two Networks." ''Entertainment Weekly'' #1001, July 11, 2008, pg. 42.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About Bravo )〕 The channel originally broadcast its programming two days a week and—like Bravo's former sister network Nickelodeon, which shared its channel space with Alpha Repertory Television Service—shared its channel space with the adult-oriented pay channel Escapade, which featured softcore pornographic films.〔 In 1981, Bravo was available to 48,000 subscribers throughout the United States; this total increased four years later to around 350,000 subscribers.〔 A 1985 profile of Bravo in ''The New York Times'' observed that most of its programming consisted of international, classic, and independent film. Celebrities such as E. G. Marshall and Roberta Peters provided opening and closing commentary to the films broadcast on the channel. Performing arts programs seen on Bravo included the show ''Jazz Counterpoint''.〔 During the mid-1980s, Bravo converted from a premium service into a basic cable channel, although it remained a commercial-free service.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.museum.tv/eotvsection.php?entrycode=cablenetwork )〕 Bravo signed an underwriting deal with Texaco in 1992 and within a month broadcast the first Texaco Showcase production, a stage adaptation of ''Romeo and Juliet''.〔 By the mid-1990s, Bravo began to incorporate more PBS-style underwriting sponsorships, and then began accepting traditional commercial advertising by 1998. In the ''Encyclopedia of Television'', Megan Mullen perceived certain Bravo programs as "considered too risky or eclectic for mainstream channels". Those programs were ''Karaoke'' and ''Cold Lazarus'', the final serials by British playwright Dennis Potter shown by Bravo in June 1997, and Michael Moore's documentary series ''The Awful Truth'' from 1999. In 1999, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer acquired a 20% stake in the channel, which it subsequently sold back to Rainbow Media in 2001. NBC bought the network in 2002 for $1.25 billion; it had owned a stake in the channel and its sister networks for several years up to that point.〔Romano, Allison. ("NBC Puts Its Stamp on Bravo." ) ''Broadcasting and Cable''. February 17, 2003.〕 NBC's then-parent company General Electric merged the network and its other broadcast and cable properties with Vivendi Universal Entertainment in May 2004 to form NBC Universal. In the early 2000s, Bravo switched its format from focusing on performing arts, drama, and independent film to being focused on pop culture such as reality shows, fashion and makeover shows, and celebrities. Bravo's "makeover" occurred in 2003 with the reality series ''Queer Eye for the Straight Guy'', which garnered 3.5 million viewers.〔 ''Entertainment Weekly'' put "Bravo reality shows" on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list, saying, "From Queer Eye for the Straight Guy's Fab Five to Project Runway's fierce fashionistas to the kvetching, perma-tanned Real Housewives, Bravo's quirky reality programming mixes high culture and low scruples to create deliciously addictive television." In more recent years, Bravo has put the spotlight on cultural, regional and relationship diversities with a few of its reality series, such as: Million Dollar Listing, Shahs of Sunset, Newlyweds the First Year, and Southern Charm. Bravo Media released its first ever scripted series Girls Guide to Divorce in the Fall of 2014, which earned impressive ratings causing the green light for a second season. A study released in May 2008 ranked Bravo as the most recognizable brand among gay consumers.〔("Bravo tops survey of gay-friendly companies." ''Reuters' ) May 13, 2008.〕 Bravo's age demographic is people 18-54, according to the Cable Television Advertising Bureau's cable television profiles.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bravo (U.S. TV network)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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